Apparatus for x-ray examination and x-ray photographing



1:. I927. 1 M. POHLMANN APPARATUS FOR X-RAY EXAMINATION AND X-RAY PHOTOGRAPHING Fil edJ 2?: I

Patented o... 18.1927.

1 UNITEDSTATES max ronLm'aNN, or BERLIN-KAULSDORF, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO srnmnns a EALSKE ax'rmnensnnnsonarr, or srntrnnssmn'r, GERMANY, A conronarrou OF GERMANY.

APPARATUS son X-RAY nxairmarron AND X-RAY 'rnoroenarnmo.

Application illed lanuary 16, 1926, Serial No. 81,803, and in Germany April 1 4, 1925.

The resent invention relates to improvements in zip 'aratus' for X-ray examination andX-ray p 'otography, especially of parts of the human body.

g In devices of this character, a fluorescent screen, for instance of platinocyanide, and a box. or holder for the photographic plate are usually arranged laterally of each othera When an object has been examined-and sub 19 sequently is to be, photographed the posiytions of the screen and the-box are interchanged, both of saidparts being'shifted' 1 parallelto their main faces. "According to the invention the apparatus 16 may be changed from an examination device to' a photographing device and vice versa in a much shorter time than with the prior vdevices of this t 'e-by arranging the screen and the box on difierent sides of a common carrier, which preferably has the form of a plate. The change is efiected by turning -the carrier about an axis which is parallel to the main faces of the screen and the box.

1 In order to effect a speedy changefrom one '25 operation to the; other by means; of a single manipulation the drawing mechanism, which effects .the exchange of places between the" screen and the box, is preferably connected to thedriving mechanism which effects the electrical changing over of the X-ray apparatus from an examination to a photo:

graphin apparatus. For the changing over of the -ray apparatns switches should be used which are arranged on a common shaft 5 and this shaft shoul .be elasticall coupled .to the shaft of the, carrier of t e screen and-thebox. V i v Two embodiments of the invention are showln by way of example in the accompanym a g ii .c 1' is a front view ofla form -of the new evice set for radioscopy.

Fig. 2 is a lateral view 0' the same apparatus in the same position. v

Fig 3 is a lateral View of'the same apparatu's in: position for photographing. Fig. 4 shows diagraminaticall the new apparatus and its connection wit "the. electrical operating means of an X-ray outfit.

In Fig. 1 the 'X-rays are assumed to impinge upon the fluorescent screen from the rear side of the drawin The screen can be observed by means 0 a stationary mirror 8. In the-Figures and 3 the X-rays 22 are assumed .to come from the left, as indicated. The dot-and-dash lines 27 denote the hght rays. The'apparatus consists of a stationar frame 1 1n -which a shaft 2 1s arrange On this. shaft a plate 3 is fastened, which on.one side carries afluorescent examination screen 4 and on the other side a frame 5 into which a photographic plate box or holder is to be inserted. On one side of the shaft 2a crank 6 is arranged, the movem ent of which in one direction is limlted by a stop 7 on the frame 1. When the crank'6 rests against the stop 7 the late- 3 and the screen 4 will form an angle 0 45 with the stationary framel. (The stationary mirror 8, which serves for the observation of the screen 4, will in this position of the screen be parallel to the same.) In the opposite direction the movement of the crank 6 is'limited by'means of overlapping flanges 3 on the carrier plate3. When the crank 6 is turned 135 in clock-wise direc- ,tion from the position shown in Fi 2, the flanges 3? will abut against the e- 1 and prevent a further movement in this di rection. In-this position, which is shown in Figure 3, the frame 5' is facing the X-ray tube and is in the correct osition 'for takin an X-ray photograph. T e plate box, whic in such case must be inserted into the frame 5, is notshown. In the said position the X-rays 22 will strikethe late perpendicularly to its -plane after they hatlrle through the body to be photograp Instead "of a plate-shaped carrier 3 car'- riers of any other form for instance cubeshaped ones may be used. The essential feature of the novel device consists in that the shaft 2 is disposed parallel to the face of the screen 4 and to the main face of the box which is to be inserted into the frame 5.

Figure shows the new-device in a position similar to Figure 1 for examination of a body or body partby means'of the screen.

The-crank 6 has been removed. The object to be radioscoped is assumed to be located behind .the plane of the drawing in front of'the fluorescent screen 4 (F' 2). To one end of the shaft 2 one end of a stro spiral spring 23 is fastened, the other end 0 which terminates in an arm'24. Coaxially with the shaft 2 in the extension-line of the same. a shaft 9 is arranged, the one end of which equipped'with a crank 13 and the 5 and 12 are arranged, which cooperate respectively with stationary contacts 28, 2 5, and

26. The contacts 26 and28 consists each of 7 two contactplates, whilst the contact 25 con sists of two segmental,- concentrically ar- 10 ranged elements. To the upper contact '28 is connected one terminal of the primary coil of an X-ray tube energizing transformer, the other arts of said transformer (which maybe 0 any'usual or approved construc-. 15 tion) not being shown in t e drawing. .The

- other terminal of said coil 15 is connected -with the lower contact 28, an adjustable resistance 16 forming part of the connection.-

- ofthe contacts 26. The. other cont-act 26- 2 ta'cts 21 and the wire which-connects the.

with one of the alternating current mains 'or wires 15. The other main 15 is connected One of the mains 15 is connected with one is connected to the other main 15 over; the main switch 20, the relay 19, the switch conresistance 16 with the other main 15. The contacts25 are connected to the said mains 15 over a primary heating coil 18 and an adjustable resistance for the X-ray ap paratus. Across the connection wires from the contacts 25 an adjustable resistance 17 is shunted. g T

In the position shown there is still some play between the catch 14 and the arm 24,

so that a certain angular movement of the shaft 9 can take place before the .shaft 2 partakes the movement. If now the crank 13 is turned away from the stop-31 the contact arm 10 will open the circuit of the primary 15 (position 10'). During the continued turning of the shaft 9 by means of the crank 13 the contactarm 11 will engage the contact segments 25 (dashed position 11), whereby the resistance 17 1s short-circuited, which hitherto was series-connected to the primary coil 18 of the heating transformer. Thereby the heating current for the X-ray apparatus is increased from the relatively low value for the radioscopy to the higher value required for photographing. At this moment the catch 14 hits the arm 24 and during the continued turning of the crank 13 the shaft 2 moves in unison with the shaft 9 until said shaft 2 has been moved through an an le of from the position shown in the figure, whereby the frame 5 with the plate box is brought into position for exposition. This position is attained before the limit of movement of .the crank 13 has been reached.

When the shaft 9 now is further rotated the ring 23 is put under tension, whereby the anges 3 on the plate 3 are pressed against the frame 1, so that the plate box is held securely in the correct position. The contact arm 12 thenin. the position 12' indicated in dashed lines and during only' the last part of the, movement of the shaft 9 this contact arm enters into enga ement with the contact tpieces 26. Hereby t e circuit is' closed for e relay 19' which is series-connected to the .main' switch 20. The circuit of the primary coil 15, which was openedas the (gontact, arm 10 removed from the contact 28, is now .again closed over the switch contacts 21 of theirelay 19, and the photographing can take place.

The coupling 14,2 1 may also bereleased and the turning of the shaft 2 maybe effected by means of a crank on the left end of the shaft. In. this case the contact arms 11, 12 are movedindividually, independ- 10 'ently of each other. g

If. a roll film box. is used the angular movement of the screen and the photographic box may be employed to a new film intoosition. a What I clalmas my invention and-desire to secure by Letters Patent is:-

1. An apparatus for performing radios: copy and radiography at comprising in combination, a support, adevice onthe same for receiving a photographic box, a

graphic box and the said fluorescent screen are arranged in such a manner, that either 3 one of them can be brought into the path of the X-rays when the said shaft is turned.

2. An apparatus for performing radioscopy or radiography at will, comprising in combination a supporting plate, a device I adapted to receive a photographic box on one side of the said supporting plate, a fluo-' .rescent screen on the other side of said supporting plate, and a shaft for the said supporting plate arrangedparallel to the main 3 faces ofthe said supporting plate and the said screen.

3. An apparatus for'performing radioscopy or radiography at will, comprising in combination, a rectangular supporting frame, two pivots connected to the edges of the said supporting plate and rotatablyarranged in the said frame, a device for receiving a photographic box, arranged on one side of said supporting plate and a fluorescent screen arrangedon the other side of the said plate. I V. r

4. An apparatus for performing radiosjjcopy or radiography at will, comprising in combination, a rectangular .frame, a rec-" .tangular supporting plate, two pivots connected to theedges of said supporting plate and rotatably arranged in the said frame, a

device receiving a photographic box ar- .ranged on.'one side of the said supporting 1 and rotatably arranged in the said frame,

a device for receiving a photographic box arranged on one side of thesaid'supporting plate,a fluorescent screen arrangedon the other side of the same plate, projecting flanges on said supportingplate adapted to abut against the saidframe ina certain position of the said plate, a crank connected toone of the said pivots and .a stop for the said crank.\ f e 6. An'apparatus for performing radioscopy or radiography at will, comprising in combination, a support, a device onthesaid support-adapted to receive a photographicbox, a fluorescent screen on said plate, a shaft for the said support and arranged 1 parallel to the main face of the said supmentioned shaft.

port late and the said screengwhereby the said evice for receiving a photographic box and the said fluorescent screen are arranged in such a manner that either one of them can be brought into the path of the X-ra s, when the said shaft is rotated, means 2hr generatipig the voltage necessary for operating an '-ray' apparatus and'switching devices connected to the said shaft and adapted to regulate the said enerating means.

7. An apparatus flu performing radio's: copy or radiography at will, comprising in in combination, a support, a device for receiving a photographic box arranged on one side of the said support, a fluorescent screen arranged on the other side of the said sup- ,port, a shaft for, the said support arranged parallelto the main faces of the said support and the said fluorescent screen, means or generating the voltage. necessary for operating an ray apparatus switching devices-adapted to'regulate thesaid enerating means and a second shaft for t e movable parts of the said switchin devices, said. second shaft being connecte to the first radios copy andradi graphy at will, comprising"? .8.-An apparzis for performing in combination, support, a device for receiving a photogra phlc box arranged on one side of the said-support, 'a fluorescent screen .1 arranged on the other side of the said sup 1 parallel to the main faces 0 the'said sup-' j port and the said screen, means for generatport, a shaft for the said su port arranged ing the voltage 'necessaryfor operating an X-ray apparatus, switching devices adapted to regulate said means, another shaft for ativelv to each other.

ropy and radiography at will, comprising in combination, a support, a device for receivin a photographic box, arranged on one si e of said support, a fluorescent screen arranged 011 the other side ofthe said support, a shaft for the said support, arranged parallel to the main faces of thesaid sup.- port and the said fluorescent screen, means for generating the voltage necessary for op'- crating-an X-ray apparatus, switchin devices connected to the said shaft and a a ted to regulate said means, another shaft or the movable parts 'ofthe said switching de-' vices arranged in line with the 'first mentioned shaft, a detachable resilient cou ling "ing a photographic box, arranged on one side of the said support, a. fluorescent screen arranged on the' other side of the said sup- 5 port, a shaft for the said support arranged parallel to themain faces of the said suport and the said screen, means for generatmg the voltage necessary for operatir? anv X-ray apparatus, switching devices a a ted to regu ate said means, another shaft or the m'ovableparts of the said switching devices, said other shaft bein arranged in line with the firstmentione shaft, a de-' tachable resilient coupling for operatively connecting the ad'acent ends of both shafts, a crank arrange on the free end of the said other shaft andmeans' for limiting the movement of said crankto an angular movement of 135. 1

11. An a paratus forperforming radioscopy or ra ography at will, comprising a movable support, a. fluorescent screen carried on said support, means for holding a photographic box, also carried on said suppivoted support, a fluorescent screen carried on said support, and meansafor holding-a photographic box, also carried on said-sup-' port, thepivotal movement of'said support being'efiective to bring either the fluorescent screen or the photo aphic box into operative relation to the -rays.

13. An apparatus for performing radioscopy or ra ography at will, comprising a movable support, a fluorescent screen car- 'ried" on said support, means for holding a photographic box, also carried on said support; means for moving the support to bring *either the fluorescentscreenor the photographic box into operative relation to the X'-rays, -a. device producing current for the X-ray apparatus, and electric connections,

controlled by the movementof said su port, for adjusting the said current-pro ucing 10 device for the proper performance of radios- 7 MAX POHLMANN. 

